Operands and parameters
SrcL- Reg5 atomic address source
SrcR- Reg5 expected doubleword source
SrcD- Reg5 desired doubleword source
RegDst- Reg5 old-value destination
aq- acquire ordering bit
rl- release ordering bit
far- flat-address routing hint
HL.CASD atomically compares and conditionally replaces one doubleword, then publishes the prior value.
PTO-SCALAR-HL-CASDhl.casd [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.aq [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.rl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.f [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rdhl.casd.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd| Field | Bits | Signedness | Architectural role | Encoded zero |
|---|---|---|---|---|
RegDst | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 old-value destination | Encoded zero discards the prior value. |
SrcD | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 desired doubleword source | Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the desired value. |
SrcL | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 atomic address source | Encoded zero reads the architectural zero register as the address. |
SrcR | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 expected doubleword source | Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the expected value. |
aq | 1 | encoding-defined | acquire ordering bit | Encoded zero disables acquire ordering. |
far | 1 | encoding-defined | flat-address routing hint | Encoded zero selects the default flat-address route. |
rl | 1 | encoding-defined | release ordering bit | Encoded zero disables release ordering. |
Loading WaveDrom diagram… The encoding table and WaveJSON remain available below.
| Decoded item | Bit range | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Constant | 47:44 | 4'b0011 |
| far | 43 | variable |
| aq | 42 | variable |
| rl | 41 | variable |
| SrcR | 40:36 | variable |
| SrcL | 35:31 | variable |
| Constant | 30:28 | 3'b110 |
| RegDst | 27:23 | variable |
| Constant | 22:11 | 12'b000101100000 |
| SrcD | 10:6 | variable |
| Constant | 5:0 | 6'b001110 |
{
"reg": [
{
"bits": 6,
"name": "6'b001110"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcD"
},
{
"bits": 12,
"name": "12'b000101100000"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "RegDst"
},
{
"bits": 3,
"name": "3'b110"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcL"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcR"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "rl"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "aq"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "far"
},
{
"bits": 4,
"name": "4'b0011"
}
],
"config": {
"bits": 48,
"fontsize": 13,
"hspace": 900,
"lanes": 2,
"offset": 0
}
}hl.casd<.{aq, rl, f, aqrl, aqf, rlf, aqrlf}> [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->{t, u, Rd}
SrcLSrcRSrcDRegDstaqrlfarThis Operation comes directly from the instruction owner; the page does not rewrite its behavior.
readonly func InstructionContractOperation_HL_CASD() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_HL_CASD;end;readonly func InstructionContractHandler_HL_CASD() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_CompareAndSwap;end;
pure func InstructionContractCompareSizeBytes_HL_CASD() => integer {1,2,4,8}begin return 8;end;
pure func InstructionContractHasFarField_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return TRUE;end;
pure func InstructionContractZeroExtendsOldValue_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;
pure func InstructionContractSignExtendsOldValue_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;// PTO-INSTRUCTION: {"assembly":["hl.casd [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aq [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.rl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.f [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd"],"block":[],"catalog_indices":[124],"catalog_records":[{"asm":"hl.casd<.{aq, rl, f, aqrl, aqf, rlf, aqrlf}> [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->{t, u, Rd}","constraints":[],"encoding":[{"index":0,"mask":"0xf000707ff83f","match":"0x3000600b000e","width_bits":48}],"encoding_kind":"HL48","fields":[{"name":"RegDst","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":23,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcD","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":6,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcL","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":31,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcR","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":36,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"aq","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":42,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1},{"name":"far","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":43,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1},{"name":"rl","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":41,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1}],"form_id":"hl_casd_48_fbb5c4256d30","length_bits":48,"mnemonic":"HL.CASD","semantic_family":"AMO","semantic_group":"AMO","semantic_handler":"CompareAndSwap","semantic_summary":"HL.CASD atomically compares and conditionally replaces one doubleword, then publishes the prior value.","status":"accepted"}],"classification":["amo"],"contract":{"block_composition":["none"],"canonical_assembly":["hl.casd [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aq [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.rl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.f [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd","hl.casd.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd"],"defaults":["SrcL, SrcR, SrcD, and RegDst are required Reg5 fields. Encoded source zero reads the architectural zero register; encoded destination zero discards the old value.","aq=0 and rl=0 select relaxed ordering. aq=1 selects acquire, rl=1 selects release, and aq=1 with rl=1 selects acquire-release.","far=0 selects the default flat-address route. far=1 is a profile routing hint; the reference profile preserves the same address and atomic result."],"encoding_class":"standalone-encoded","examples":["hl.casd [a0], a1, a2, ->a3","hl.casd.aqrlf [t#1], u#1, a0, ->u"],"exceptions":["The effective address must be aligned to 8 bytes. Alignment, read translation/permission, write translation/permission, and translated-address equality are checked before effects.","On a fault, no destination, memory write, event, reservation update, or TPC advance occurs. Trap entry saves the original TPC and recovery restores it for full reissue.","An undecodable fixed-bit pattern raises Fault_IllegalInstruction before effects. All explicit field values are assigned."],"field_contracts":{},"field_zero_meanings":{"RegDst":"Encoded zero discards the prior value.","SrcL":"Encoded zero reads the architectural zero register as the address.","SrcR":"Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the expected value.","SrcD":"Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the desired value.","aq":"Encoded zero disables acquire ordering.","rl":"Encoded zero disables release ordering.","far":"Encoded zero selects the default flat-address route."},"legality":["All 32 SrcL, SrcR, and SrcD Reg5 encodings are assigned: 0..23 select absolute GPRs, 24..27 select T#1..T#4, and 28..31 select U#1..U#4.","All 32 RegDst encodings are assigned. Code 0 and codes 24..29 discard, code 30 pushes U, code 31 pushes T, and codes 1..23 write the named absolute GPR.","All aq, rl, and far combinations are assigned.","The effective address must be aligned to 8 bytes."],"memory_effects":["After aligned read and write preflight identify the same translated location, atomically read one 8-byte doubleword and compare it with SrcR truncated to 8 bytes.","On equality, store SrcD truncated to 8 bytes and set write_performed in the atomic event. On mismatch, preserve memory and emit an ordered atomic event with write_performed false.","Only a successful overlapping write invalidates the local 64-byte-line reservation; mismatch and nonoverlap preserve it.","The 64-bit old value is published unchanged."],"operands":[{"field":"SrcL","role":"Reg5 atomic address source"},{"field":"SrcR","role":"Reg5 expected doubleword source"},{"field":"SrcD","role":"Reg5 desired doubleword source"},{"field":"RegDst","role":"Reg5 old-value destination"},{"field":"aq","role":"acquire ordering bit"},{"field":"rl","role":"release ordering bit"},{"field":"far","role":"flat-address routing hint"}],"ordering":["aq=0,rl=0 records relaxed ordering; aq=1,rl=0 acquire; aq=0,rl=1 release; aq=1,rl=1 acquire-release for both match and mismatch.","far changes only the route hint in the reference profile."],"standalone_opcode":true,"state_effects":["Snapshot SrcL, SrcR, and SrcD before any memory or destination effect.","Publish the prior value after every nonfaulting match or mismatch; publish no value on fault.","The 64-bit old value is published unchanged.","Successful execution advances TPC by 6 bytes. A fault saves and later restores the original TPC for full reissue."]},"depends_on":["PTO-BLOCK-MODEL-SCHEMA-PROFILE-ENCODING"],"id":"PTO-SCALAR-HL-CASD","mnemonic":"HL.CASD","summary":"HL.CASD atomically compares and conditionally replaces one doubleword, then publishes the prior value.","surface":"scalar"}// PTO-REVIEW: {"review_method":"formal-definition-read","outcome":"FORMAL-COMPLETE","reviewed_fields":["assembly","encoding","defaults","operation","state","memory","ordering","faults","reserved"]}// DOC-BEGIN: decodereadonly func InstructionContractOperation_HL_CASD() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_HL_CASD;end;// DOC-END: decode// DOC-BEGIN: operationreadonly func InstructionContractHandler_HL_CASD() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_CompareAndSwap;end;
pure func InstructionContractCompareSizeBytes_HL_CASD() => integer {1,2,4,8}begin return 8;end;
pure func InstructionContractHasFarField_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return TRUE;end;
pure func InstructionContractZeroExtendsOldValue_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;
pure func InstructionContractSignExtendsOldValue_HL_CASD() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;// DOC-END: operation
HL.CASD atomically compares the doubleword at SrcL with SrcR; equality stores SrcD, while both paths publish the prior 64-bit value.
The ASL DOC contract selects ScalarHandler_CompareAndSwap with an access width of 8 bytes.
Match and mismatch both emit one ordered atomic event; only the matching path marks a write as performed.
SrcL carries the Reg5 atomic address source; SrcR carries the Reg5 expected doubleword source; SrcD carries the Reg5 desired doubleword source; RegDst carries the Reg5 old-value destination; aq carries the acquire ordering bit; rl carries the release ordering bit; far carries the flat-address routing hint.
aq and rl select relaxed, acquire, release, or acquire-release ordering; far is a profile routing hint and does not change the architectural result in the reference profile.
After successful preflight, the old value is published even on comparison mismatch; memory changes only on equality.
A completed write invalidates an overlapping local 64-byte-line reservation, preserves a nonoverlapping reservation, and advances TPC by 6 bytes.
The effective address must be aligned to 8 bytes. Alignment, translation, and permission checks precede architectural effects.
A failing preflight publishes no destination, memory event, reservation update, or retirement effect; the saved original TPC supports full reissue.
This example only shows one accepted spelling; the generated contract below remains authoritative.
For a first reading, use hl.casd [SrcL], SrcR, SrcD, ->Rd and then vary only the ordering or route modifiers described above.
Bodies come from owning ASL. Dragging or buttons change only this page-session view order.
No NDF clause is attached to this unit.
12 matching entries
PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-DECODE-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD/scalar-decode-hl-casd-canonical-001.asl8572d99804417266b811cd28c0cebbfd0dc1a489175bbd65d07acd7f0696ff88PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MATCH-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD/scalar-exec-hl-casd-match-001.asl080e6b0f20ce92f6310bc453dd5692eabfb4de5c95480759d81f16bcf3fb04baPTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MISMATCH-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD/scalar-bound-hl-casd-mismatch-001.aslee6a167b93c21dbc5aaecbf15d3cc95e632743e5cf21f2f68933456e92ca88e7PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-PRECISE-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD/scalar-fault-hl-casd-precise-001.asl4e2710e63795d863b442ec5e7aa46e3fd67c9d3373ea424c63c3de351c270bfcPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYspec/evidence/release-traceability-readiness.jsonc7327021d39dc67ac5564bc55073b3870a397d79ac8d9648284d56e33bc14a3ePTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREPTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREspec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json3ef2bb62421c79dff8fa77a1c7983923b523244b8090812883ef81286ca8106aPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSspec/evidence/architecture-readiness.json4b0b85199101251bea744e0f3591cc31906909dc80d5ab651c417a936036a004PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSspec/evidence/release-gate-readiness.jsona0f4d2b6920c08981ea55fd8ef820708a40d4feb5402c5150e8e9ab532d84ce0PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTspec/release-manifest.json1a64c109ed7a90351c41e2a418b3c0ebaf8ad975838986d2101385186b85c0d8Loading ADR-0020…
ADR-0020docs/status/decisions/0020-production-memory-events-and-atomic-corners.md215b18f05d0b53120949373fce6a5ce22f7ab534fb22df24743a9b2b4beb2decLoading ADR-0030…
ADR-0030docs/status/decisions/0030-scalar-amo-totality-and-reservation.md110bd32b3004a8383913ac6053cc7d0a1d0b8e03e3ef7c47d83292c94a6a17ebLoading ADR-0059…
ADR-0059docs/status/decisions/0059-mnemonic-field-encoding-closure.mdf18d13f735cfaf9f2803c754c5818f4af33d1cc42c489f0d9ce060b07bb3a196{
"classification": [
"amo"
],
"documentation": "docs/scalar/amo/HL.CASD.md",
"id": "PTO-SCALAR-HL-CASD",
"instruction_contract": {
"artifact": "spec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json",
"mnemonic": "HL.CASD",
"ndf_clause": "PTO-INST-SCALAR-HL-CASD"
},
"mnemonic": "HL.CASD",
"readiness_subjects": [
"ADR-0020",
"ADR-0030",
"ADR-0059"
],
"semantic_tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MATCH-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MISMATCH-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-PRECISE-001"
],
"source": "asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD.asl",
"surface": "scalar",
"tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-DECODE-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MATCH-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-MISMATCH-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-HL-CASD-PRECISE-001"
]
}0.58.5 · Release candidate7dc8b7e5b121d2b2499a2273bebff29e2cd868127820c5f37074f3b382addeb3dd040d1072967e97f3364c1ab90315807356c480c018d857927b1c2143b63e363e147bea041f3f872ae709c357dff854237eaff2asl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD.aslasl/scalar/amo/HL.CASD.asl