Operands and parameters
SrcL- Reg5 atomic address source
SrcR- Reg5 byte replacement source
RegDst- Reg5 old-value destination
aq- acquire ordering bit
rl- release ordering bit
far- flat-address routing hint
SWAPB atomically replaces one byte and publishes the prior value.
PTO-SCALAR-SWAPBswapb [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.aq [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.rl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.f [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rdswapb.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd| Field | Bits | Signedness | Architectural role | Encoded zero |
|---|---|---|---|---|
RegDst | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 old-value destination | Encoded zero discards the prior value. |
SrcL | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 atomic address source | Encoded zero reads the architectural zero register as the address. |
SrcR | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 byte replacement source | Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the replacement. |
aq | 1 | encoding-defined | acquire ordering bit | Encoded zero disables acquire ordering. |
far | 1 | encoding-defined | flat-address routing hint | Encoded zero selects the default flat-address route. |
rl | 1 | encoding-defined | release ordering bit | Encoded zero disables release ordering. |
Loading WaveDrom diagram… The encoding table and WaveJSON remain available below.
| Decoded item | Bit range | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Constant | 31:28 | 4'b0000 |
| far | 27 | variable |
| aq | 26 | variable |
| rl | 25 | variable |
| SrcR | 24:20 | variable |
| SrcL | 19:15 | variable |
| Constant | 14:12 | 3'b110 |
| RegDst | 11:7 | variable |
| Constant | 6:0 | 7'b0001011 |
{
"reg": [
{
"bits": 7,
"name": "7'b0001011"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "RegDst"
},
{
"bits": 3,
"name": "3'b110"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcL"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcR"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "rl"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "aq"
},
{
"bits": 1,
"name": "far"
},
{
"bits": 4,
"name": "4'b0000"
}
],
"config": {
"bits": 32,
"fontsize": 13,
"hspace": 900,
"lanes": 1,
"offset": 0
}
}swapb<.{aq, rl, f, aqrl, aqf, rlf, aqrlf}> [SrcL], SrcR, {->t, ->u, ->Rd}
SrcLSrcRRegDstaqrlfarThis Operation comes directly from the instruction owner; the page does not rewrite its behavior.
readonly func InstructionContractOperation_SWAPB() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_SWAPB;end;readonly func InstructionContractHandler_SWAPB() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_AtomicReadModifyWrite;end;
pure func InstructionContractAtomicOperation_SWAPB() => AtomicOperationbegin return Atomic_SWAP;end;
pure func InstructionContractAtomicSizeBytes_SWAPB() => integer {1,2,4,8}begin return 1;end;
pure func InstructionContractZeroExtendsOldValue_SWAPB() => booleanbegin return TRUE;end;
pure func InstructionContractSignExtendsOldValue_SWAPB() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;// PTO-INSTRUCTION: {"assembly":["swapb [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aq [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.rl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.f [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd"],"block":[],"catalog_indices":[451],"catalog_records":[{"asm":"swapb<.{aq, rl, f, aqrl, aqf, rlf, aqrlf}> [SrcL], SrcR, {->t, ->u, ->Rd}","constraints":[],"encoding":[{"index":0,"mask":"0xf000707f","match":"0x0000600b","width_bits":32}],"encoding_kind":"L32","fields":[{"name":"RegDst","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":7,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcL","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":15,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcR","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":20,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"aq","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":26,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1},{"name":"far","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":27,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1},{"name":"rl","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":25,"value_lsb":0,"width":1}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":1}],"form_id":"swapb_32_80733f03b77f","length_bits":32,"mnemonic":"SWAPB","semantic_family":"AMO","semantic_group":"AMO","semantic_handler":"AtomicReadModifyWrite","semantic_summary":"SWAPB atomically replaces one byte and publishes the prior value.","status":"accepted"}],"classification":["amo"],"contract":{"block_composition":["none"],"canonical_assembly":["swapb [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aq [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.rl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.f [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqrl [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.rlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd","swapb.aqrlf [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd"],"defaults":["SrcL, SrcR, and RegDst are required Reg5 fields. Encoded source zero reads the architectural zero register; encoded destination zero discards the old value.","aq=0 and rl=0 select relaxed ordering. aq=1 selects acquire, rl=1 selects release, and aq=1 with rl=1 selects acquire-release.","far=0 selects the default flat-address route. far=1 is a profile routing hint; the reference profile preserves the same architectural address and atomic result."],"encoding_class":"standalone-encoded","examples":["swapb [a0], a1, ->a2","swapb.aqrl [t#1], u#1, ->u","swapb.f [sp], zero, ->t"],"exceptions":["Every byte address is naturally aligned. Alignment, read translation/permission, write translation/permission, and translated-address equality are checked before effects.","On a fault, no destination, memory write, event, reservation update, or TPC advance occurs. Trap entry saves the original TPC and recovery restores it for full reissue.","An undecodable fixed-bit pattern raises Fault_IllegalInstruction before effects. All explicit field values are assigned."],"field_contracts":{},"field_zero_meanings":{"RegDst":"Encoded zero discards the prior value.","SrcL":"Encoded zero reads the architectural zero register as the address.","SrcR":"Encoded zero supplies numeric zero as the replacement.","aq":"Encoded zero disables acquire ordering.","far":"Encoded zero selects the default flat-address route.","rl":"Encoded zero disables release ordering."},"legality":["All 32 SrcL and SrcR Reg5 encodings are assigned: 0..23 select absolute GPRs, 24..27 select T#1..T#4, and 28..31 select U#1..U#4.","All 32 RegDst encodings are assigned. Code 0 and codes 24..29 discard, code 30 pushes U, code 31 pushes T, and codes 1..23 write the named absolute GPR.","All aq, rl, and far combinations are assigned.","Every byte address is naturally aligned."],"memory_effects":["After aligned read and write preflight identify the same translated location, atomically read one 1-byte byte, store SrcR truncated to 1 bytes, and emit one ordered atomic event.","A successful overlapping write invalidates the local 64-byte-line reservation; a nonoverlapping write preserves it.","The 8-bit old value is zero-extended to XLEN."],"operands":[{"field":"SrcL","role":"Reg5 atomic address source"},{"field":"SrcR","role":"Reg5 byte replacement source"},{"field":"RegDst","role":"Reg5 old-value destination"},{"field":"aq","role":"acquire ordering bit"},{"field":"rl","role":"release ordering bit"},{"field":"far","role":"flat-address routing hint"}],"ordering":["aq=0,rl=0 records relaxed ordering; aq=1,rl=0 acquire; aq=0,rl=1 release; aq=1,rl=1 acquire-release.","far changes only the route hint in the reference profile."],"standalone_opcode":true,"state_effects":["Snapshot SrcL and SrcR before any memory or destination effect.","Publish the prior value only after successful atomic commit.","The 8-bit old value is zero-extended to XLEN.","Successful execution advances TPC by four bytes. A fault saves and later restores the original TPC for full reissue."]},"depends_on":["PTO-BLOCK-MODEL-SCHEMA-PROFILE-ENCODING"],"id":"PTO-SCALAR-SWAPB","mnemonic":"SWAPB","summary":"SWAPB atomically replaces one byte and publishes the prior value.","surface":"scalar"}// PTO-REVIEW: {"review_method":"formal-definition-read","outcome":"FORMAL-COMPLETE","reviewed_fields":["assembly","encoding","defaults","operation","state","memory","ordering","faults","reserved"]}// NDF-BEGIN: PTO-SWAPB-ADR-CONTRACT-001// ndf: kind=contract level=L1 layer=scalar status=accepted// Decisions: ADR-0030.// SWAPB MUST preflight its complete mnemonic-owned atomic access before// memory, reservation, event, or destination effects and MUST commit the// selected width, ordering, memory update, event, and result atomically.// NDF-END: PTO-SWAPB-ADR-CONTRACT-001// DOC-BEGIN: decodereadonly func InstructionContractOperation_SWAPB() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_SWAPB;end;// DOC-END: decode// DOC-BEGIN: operationreadonly func InstructionContractHandler_SWAPB() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_AtomicReadModifyWrite;end;
pure func InstructionContractAtomicOperation_SWAPB() => AtomicOperationbegin return Atomic_SWAP;end;
pure func InstructionContractAtomicSizeBytes_SWAPB() => integer {1,2,4,8}begin return 1;end;
pure func InstructionContractZeroExtendsOldValue_SWAPB() => booleanbegin return TRUE;end;
pure func InstructionContractSignExtendsOldValue_SWAPB() => booleanbegin return FALSE;end;// DOC-END: operation
SWAPB atomically replaces one byte with SrcR and publishes the prior 8-bit value.
The ASL DOC contract selects ScalarHandler_AtomicReadModifyWrite with an access width of 1 byte.
The read and write probes must resolve to the same translated location before the atomic exchange can commit.
SrcL carries the Reg5 atomic address source; SrcR carries the Reg5 byte replacement source; RegDst carries the Reg5 old-value destination; aq carries the acquire ordering bit; rl carries the release ordering bit; far carries the flat-address routing hint.
aq and rl select relaxed, acquire, release, or acquire-release ordering; far is a profile routing hint and does not change the architectural result in the reference profile.
On success, one atomic event records the exchange and the old value is published only after the memory update commits.
A completed write invalidates an overlapping local 64-byte-line reservation, preserves a nonoverlapping reservation, and advances TPC by 4 bytes.
Every byte address is naturally aligned. Alignment, translation, and permission checks precede architectural effects.
A failing preflight publishes no destination, memory event, reservation update, or retirement effect; the saved original TPC supports full reissue.
This example only shows one accepted spelling; the generated contract below remains authoritative.
For a first reading, use swapb [SrcL], SrcR, ->Rd and then vary only the ordering or route modifiers described above.
Bodies come from owning ASL. Dragging or buttons change only this page-session view order.
Decisions: ADR-0030. SWAPB MUST preflight its complete mnemonic-owned atomic access before memory, reservation, event, or destination effects and MUST commit the selected width, ordering, memory update, event, and result atomically.
PTO-SWAPB-ADR-CONTRACT-001asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB.aslbb7db4eb1e03bb03cf534a0e26bedb696d90934210e7e1587e9d066f86a7d526613631d17efecd7d0221e66d224a59efd1608993fc23393fe343ace978b6996d13 matching entries
PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-ALIASES-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB/scalar-bound-swapb-aliases-001.asl60b3b2123dfefa6a71b4a85c861b73cb94077a4896f6eb679a89359ed3b098e1PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-DECODE-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB/scalar-decode-swapb-canonical-001.asl26dc4de70ecc74fe9a4b7560057ba081dce8a3e65eb69317c302398f11d38a4fPTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-PRECISE-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB/scalar-fault-swapb-precise-001.asl826e7c1fcb5ac5ba928716b999f7134e82265eeef57035abb31e958adf988118PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-RESULT-001tests/asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB/scalar-exec-swapb-result-001.asl1d72fd8f34520d6ec3dde1166e6b7f7ccf1c4b0feb2f5e20f26c9f00cd4363f9PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYspec/evidence/release-traceability-readiness.jsonc7327021d39dc67ac5564bc55073b3870a397d79ac8d9648284d56e33bc14a3ePTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREPTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREspec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json3ef2bb62421c79dff8fa77a1c7983923b523244b8090812883ef81286ca8106aPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSspec/evidence/architecture-readiness.json4b0b85199101251bea744e0f3591cc31906909dc80d5ab651c417a936036a004PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSspec/evidence/release-gate-readiness.jsona0f4d2b6920c08981ea55fd8ef820708a40d4feb5402c5150e8e9ab532d84ce0PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTspec/release-manifest.json1a64c109ed7a90351c41e2a418b3c0ebaf8ad975838986d2101385186b85c0d8Loading ADR-0020…
ADR-0020docs/status/decisions/0020-production-memory-events-and-atomic-corners.md215b18f05d0b53120949373fce6a5ce22f7ab534fb22df24743a9b2b4beb2decLoading ADR-0030…
ADR-0030docs/status/decisions/0030-scalar-amo-totality-and-reservation.md110bd32b3004a8383913ac6053cc7d0a1d0b8e03e3ef7c47d83292c94a6a17ebLoading ADR-0059…
ADR-0059docs/status/decisions/0059-mnemonic-field-encoding-closure.mdf18d13f735cfaf9f2803c754c5818f4af33d1cc42c489f0d9ce060b07bb3a196Loading ADR-0084…
ADR-0084docs/status/decisions/0084-scalar-system-and-queue-operations.mde068992fa81e2c4ac46e492391a2f784141d68e041bf0b9e0586c37217d1e08c{
"classification": [
"amo"
],
"documentation": "docs/scalar/amo/SWAPB.md",
"id": "PTO-SCALAR-SWAPB",
"instruction_contract": {
"artifact": "spec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json",
"mnemonic": "SWAPB",
"ndf_clause": "PTO-INST-SCALAR-SWAPB"
},
"mnemonic": "SWAPB",
"readiness_subjects": [
"ADR-0020",
"ADR-0030",
"ADR-0059",
"ADR-0084"
],
"semantic_tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-ALIASES-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-PRECISE-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-RESULT-001"
],
"source": "asl/scalar/amo/SWAPB.asl",
"surface": "scalar",
"tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-ALIASES-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-DECODE-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-PRECISE-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-SWAPB-RESULT-001"
]
}0.58.5 · Release candidate7dc8b7e5b121d2b2499a2273bebff29e2cd86812bb7db4eb1e03bb03cf534a0e26bedb696d90934210e7e1587e9d066f86a7d526b7be5b8881c284d08c971d0e9fc8e344a26585c9a6e3bd35bd753960dd58181casl/scalar/amo/SWAPB.aslasl/scalar/amo/SWAPB.aslasl/scalar/amo/SWAPB.asl