操作数与参数
RegDst- Reg5 destination or discard
SrcL- left multiplicand or additive Reg5 source
SrcR- right multiplicand Reg5 source
MULW multiplies the source low 32-bit values, retains the low 32 product bits, sign-extends them to XLEN, and publishes the result.
PTO-SCALAR-MULWmulw SrcL, SrcR, ->{t, u, Rd}| 字段 | 位宽 | 有符号性 | 架构角色 | 编码零 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
RegDst | 5 | encoding-defined | Reg5 destination or discard | Encoded zero discards the result. |
SrcL | 5 | encoding-defined | left multiplicand or additive Reg5 source | Encoded zero reads the architectural zero GPR. |
SrcR | 5 | encoding-defined | right multiplicand Reg5 source | Encoded zero reads the architectural zero GPR. |
Loading WaveDrom diagram… The encoding table and WaveJSON remain available below.
| Decoded item | Bit range | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Constant | 31:25 | 7'b0000000 |
| SrcR | 24:20 | variable |
| SrcL | 19:15 | variable |
| Constant | 14:12 | 3'b010 |
| RegDst | 11:7 | variable |
| Constant | 6:0 | 7'b1000111 |
{
"reg": [
{
"bits": 7,
"name": "7'b1000111"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "RegDst"
},
{
"bits": 3,
"name": "3'b010"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcL"
},
{
"bits": 5,
"name": "SrcR"
},
{
"bits": 7,
"name": "7'b0000000"
}
],
"config": {
"bits": 32,
"fontsize": 13,
"hspace": 900,
"lanes": 1,
"offset": 0
}
}mulw SrcL, SrcR, ->{t, u, Rd}
RegDstSrcLSrcR下面是该指令所有者中的 Operation;页面没有重写这段行为。
readonly func InstructionContractOperation_MULW() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_MULW;end;readonly func InstructionContractHandler_MULW() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_ScalarMultiplyW;end;pure func InstructionContractResult_MULW(left: Word, right: Word) => Wordbegin return ScalarMultiplyW(left, right);end;// PTO-INSTRUCTION: {"assembly":["mulw SrcL, SrcR, ->{t, u, Rd}"],"block":[],"catalog_indices":[365],"catalog_records":[{"asm":"mulw SrcL, SrcR, ->{t, u, Rd}","constraints":[],"encoding":[{"index":0,"mask":"0xfe00707f","match":"0x00002047","width_bits":32}],"encoding_kind":"L32","fields":[{"name":"RegDst","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":7,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcL","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":15,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5},{"name":"SrcR","pieces":[{"instruction_lsb":20,"value_lsb":0,"width":5}],"signedness":"encoding-defined","width":5}],"form_id":"mulw_32_b90cb6a30a23","length_bits":32,"mnemonic":"MULW","semantic_family":"ALU","semantic_group":"ALU","semantic_handler":"ScalarMultiplyW","semantic_summary":"MULW multiplies the source low 32-bit values, retains the low 32 product bits, sign-extends them to XLEN, and publishes the result.","status":"accepted"}],"classification":["alu"],"contract":{"block_composition":["none"],"canonical_assembly":["mulw SrcL, SrcR, ->{t, u, Rd}"],"defaults":["Every encoded operand and destination field is required; no field can be omitted.","The mnemonic fixes signedness, effective operand width, single-versus-pair result shape, and add-versus-subtract behavior; there is no encoded arithmetic mode."],"encoding_class":"standalone-encoded","examples":["mulw srcl, srcr, ->{t, u, rd}"],"exceptions":["Multiplication and accumulation are fixed-width and raise no arithmetic exception; discarded overflow wraps modulo the defined result width.","An unavailable selected T/U source raises Fault_IllegalInstruction before any destination effect and before TPC advances."],"field_contracts":{},"field_zero_meanings":{"SrcL":"Encoded zero reads the architectural zero GPR.","SrcR":"Encoded zero reads the architectural zero GPR.","RegDst":"Encoded zero discards the result."},"legality":["Every source Reg5 code is assigned: 0..23 select absolute GPRs, 24..27 select T#1..T#4, and 28..31 select U#1..U#4 without consumption.","Each destination independently uses the common map: codes 0 and 24..29 discard, codes 1..23 write GPRs, code 30 pushes U, and code 31 pushes T.","Fixed encoding bits must match the canonical form; every encoded source, destination, and immediate value otherwise has assigned behavior."],"memory_effects":["none"],"operands":[{"field":"RegDst","role":"Reg5 destination or discard"},{"field":"SrcL","role":"left multiplicand or additive Reg5 source"},{"field":"SrcR","role":"right multiplicand Reg5 source"}],"ordering":["Snapshot every source before any destination effect so duplicate selectors and destination aliases observe pre-instruction values.","Publish the result, then advance TPC by four bytes."],"standalone_opcode":true,"state_effects":["Multiply the source low 32-bit patterns modulo 2^32, then sign-extend result bit 31 through XLEN.","Snapshot every source before the destination effect, publish the XLEN result through the common Reg5 destination map, and do not consume relative sources.","No memory, reservation, descriptor, numeric-status, block, privilege, branch-target, or other control state changes. Successful execution advances TPC by four bytes."]},"depends_on":["PTO-BLOCK-MODEL-SCHEMA-PROFILE-ENCODING"],"id":"PTO-SCALAR-MULW","mnemonic":"MULW","summary":"MULW multiplies the source low 32-bit values, retains the low 32 product bits, sign-extends them to XLEN, and publishes the result.","surface":"scalar"}// PTO-REVIEW: {"review_method":"formal-definition-read","outcome":"FORMAL-COMPLETE","reviewed_fields":["assembly","encoding","defaults","operation","state","memory","ordering","faults","reserved"]}// DOC-BEGIN: decodereadonly func InstructionContractOperation_MULW() => ScalarOperationbegin return ScalarOperation_MULW;end;// DOC-END: decode// DOC-BEGIN: operationreadonly func InstructionContractHandler_MULW() => ScalarSemanticHandlerbegin return ScalarHandler_ScalarMultiplyW;end;pure func InstructionContractResult_MULW(left: Word, right: Word) => Wordbegin return ScalarMultiplyW(left, right);end;// DOC-END: operation
MULW 是一条 32 位标量 ALU 指令。它按照低 32 位字,再符号扩展到 XLEN结果规则计算无符号乘积的低部;当前指令契约定义结果发布路径以及任何额外状态效果。
执行时先对编码输入做快照,然后按照低 32 位字,再符号扩展到 XLEN结果规则计算无符号乘积的低部,最后才产生目标效果。
RegDst 是 5 位字段,选择 Reg5 结果目标,或丢弃结果。SrcL 是 5 位字段,通过 Reg5 选择左乘数或加法操作数。SrcR 是 5 位字段,通过 Reg5 选择右乘数。这些角色来自当前指令契约;T/U 源只被读取和快照,不会因源选择而出队。编码零的精确含义列在下方生成的默认值章节中。
所有标量源都在目标效果前完成快照。完成后的值随后通过 RegDst 按当前标量目标映射发布。
该 ALU 操作不产生内存效果。成功完成架构效果后,TPC 前进 4 字节。
该操作不会产生隐藏的标量发布目标或隐式内存访问。架构变化仅限于当前契约列出的状态效果。
固定宽度算术按当前操作规则回绕,不产生算术异常;固定编码位不匹配或所选 T/U 源不可用时,会在结果发布和 TPC 前进之前触发 Fault_IllegalInstruction。
下方生成的合法性表是已分配字段值、保留编码和目标丢弃编码的权威说明。解码与源可用性检查先于架构效果完成。
本示例只用于演示当前 ASL 所有者,不替代规范操作。
以一个小型 MULW 示例说明:低字源值 6 与 7 产生符号扩展后的单一结果 42。
正文来自 owning ASL。拖拽或按钮只临时改变当前页面显示顺序。
No NDF clause is attached to this unit.
9 matching entries
PTO-AVS-SCALAR-MULW-DECODE-001tests/asl/scalar/alu/MULW/scalar-decode-mulw-canonical-001.asl6ae5adec2dc671d6cce03986b0bb8b7be6640379c51bab6959b87893bd1b2839PTO-AVS-SCALAR-MULW-PRODUCT-001tests/asl/scalar/alu/MULW/scalar-exec-mulw-product-001.asl2c323446d42761137e085d8e6dc6c32f2c9e9b1d34bd41ba4344b49c1d004342PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-TRACEABILITYspec/evidence/release-traceability-readiness.jsonc7327021d39dc67ac5564bc55073b3870a397d79ac8d9648284d56e33bc14a3ePTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREPTO-EVIDENCE-INSTRUCTION-CONTRACT-CLOSUREspec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json3ef2bb62421c79dff8fa77a1c7983923b523244b8090812883ef81286ca8106aPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-ARCHITECTURE-READINESSspec/evidence/architecture-readiness.json4b0b85199101251bea744e0f3591cc31906909dc80d5ab651c417a936036a004PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-GATE-READINESSspec/evidence/release-gate-readiness.jsona0f4d2b6920c08981ea55fd8ef820708a40d4feb5402c5150e8e9ab532d84ce0PTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTPTO-EVIDENCE-RELEASE-MANIFESTspec/release-manifest.json1a64c109ed7a90351c41e2a418b3c0ebaf8ad975838986d2101385186b85c0d8Loading ADR-0026…
ADR-0026docs/status/decisions/0026-scalar-alu-totality-and-alias-order.md41d126f224dddc371832120f1b02eab64e426872fdcbea452bad77c90bdec349Loading ADR-0059…
ADR-0059docs/status/decisions/0059-mnemonic-field-encoding-closure.mdf18d13f735cfaf9f2803c754c5818f4af33d1cc42c489f0d9ce060b07bb3a196{
"classification": [
"alu"
],
"documentation": "docs/scalar/alu/MULW.md",
"id": "PTO-SCALAR-MULW",
"instruction_contract": {
"artifact": "spec/evidence/instruction-contract-closure.json",
"mnemonic": "MULW",
"ndf_clause": "PTO-INST-SCALAR-MULW"
},
"mnemonic": "MULW",
"readiness_subjects": [
"ADR-0026",
"ADR-0059"
],
"semantic_tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-MULW-PRODUCT-001"
],
"source": "asl/scalar/alu/MULW.asl",
"surface": "scalar",
"tests": [
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-MULW-DECODE-001",
"PTO-AVS-SCALAR-MULW-PRODUCT-001"
]
}0.58.5 · 候选发布7dc8b7e5b121d2b2499a2273bebff29e2cd86812b22b9ad03a0d68dd3e4da5bc7d5a30f63272b20f16e198395e989aea467767c5184f30919d09e4cf12ed5dfac768b41de38301a5da18afaa8f0b0fd796c80a61asl/scalar/alu/MULW.aslasl/scalar/alu/MULW.asl